Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B in Pregnancy အသည္းေရာင္ဘီေဆးႏွင့္ Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B in Pregnancy အသည္းေရာင္ဘီေဆးႏွင့္ ကိုယ္ဝန္
Nifedipine
Nifedipine ေသြးတိုးက်ေဆး Nifedipine, Oral Tablet calcium channel blockers. If you stop taking the drug suddenly or don’t take it at all: If you take this drug to treat high blood pressure, your blood pressure may increase. This can raise your risk of health problems such as heart attack or stroke. If you take this drug to treat angina, your chest pain may get worse. ရုတ္တရက္ ဒံုးတိ ျဖတ္လို့ မရ ေသြးေပါင္း တိုးလာနိုင္ heart attack or stroke ျဖစ္လာနိုင္ ရင္ ဖတ္ ေအာင့္ကုသမားေတြ ရင္ ဘတ္ ေအာင့္တာပိုဆိုးလာနုိင္
If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: Your medication may not work as well or may stop working completely. For this drug to work well, a certain amount needs to be in your body at all times. ပံုမွန္ မေသာက္ရင္ အက်ိ ုးသက္ေရာက္မွ ုမရိွ
What to do if you miss a dose: Take your dose as soon as you remember. If you remember just a few hours before your next scheduled dose, take only one dose. Never try to catch up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side effects. ေသာက္ဖို့ ေမ့ သြားရင္ နွစ္လံုး ျပ ုး မေသာက္ရ ျပသနာတက္နိင္
How to tell if the drug is working: If you’re taking this drug to treat high blood pressure, your blood pressure level should go down. Your doctor can check your blood pressure, or you can do it using a home blood pressure monitor. If you’re taking this drug to treat angina, you should have less severe chest pain, less frequent chest pain, or both. ေသြးေပါင္တိုင္းတာေတြ ေဆာင္ထား အိမ္မွာ ၇င္ဖတ္ ေအာင့္တာ အတြက္ ေသာက္ေနပါ က နာတာေတြ သက္သာသင့္တယ္ If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of the drug in your body. Symptoms of an overdose of this drug can include:
dizziness မ်ားသြား၇င္ ေခါငး္မွု း ရင္တုန္ ျမန္ အေရးျပာနီးရဲလာ a fast heartbeat flushing (reddening of the skin) Nifedipine is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). long-term treatment treat two types of angina (chest pain): vasospastic angina and chronic stable angina. ေသြးေၾကာက်ဥ္း ရင္ဘတ္ ေအာင့္ၿခင္း treat angina (chest pain). treat either high blood pressure or angina. It’s also used to treat vasospastic angina (chest pain due to a spasm in arteries around the heart) ေသြးေၾကာမ်ား က်ဥ္းလိုက္က်ယ္လိုက္ျဖစ္ၿခင္းေၾကာင့္ ရင္ဘတ္ ေအာင့္ၿခင္း or chronic stable angina (chest pain that occurs with activity or stress). စိတ္ ဖိစီမွ ုမ်ားလို့ လွုပ္ရွားမွ ုမ်ားလို့ ၇င္ဘတ္ ေအာင့္ၿခင္း
Nifedipine may be used as part of a combination therapy. This means you may need to take it with other medications. If you are using it to treat high blood pressure, you may take it with other drugs that lower blood pressure. If you are using it to treat angina, you may take it with nitrates (nitroglycerin products) or beta-blockers. (nitroglycerin products) or beta-blockers. တု့ိနဲ့ လညး္ တြဲ ေပးေသး
Calcium channel blockers help lower blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels throughout your body. As a result, less pressure is built up and your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood. ေသြးေၾကာမ်ားကို ေျပ ေလွ ်ာ ့ ေစ
Calcium channel blockers help to prevent angina in two ways. First, they lower pressure in the coronary arteries (the arteries that supply blood to your heart). As a result, your heart receives more blood and oxygen. Second, they help prevent spasm of the coronary arteries. (A spasm is a temporary, sudden narrowing of these arteries.) နွလံုး ေသြး သြားေၾကာ ေတြမွာ ေျပေလွ ်ာ ့ ေစ ရုတ္ တရက္ က်ဥ္ းလိုက္က်ယ္ လို္က္ ေတြကို သက္သာေစ ဆိုးက်ိ ုး
The more common side effects that can occur with nifedipine include:
headache ေခါငး္မွ ု nausea dizziness or lightheadedness flushing (reddening of the skin) heartburn muscle cramps ၾကြက္တက္ constipation ၀မ္းခ် ုပ္ cough ေခ်ာင္းဆိုး decreased sexual ability or desire သားစိတ္ မယားစိတ္ ကုန္ခမ္း edema (swelling in the legs or feet) ေၿခ လက္ ေဖာ weakness အားနည္း
If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. ဆိုးလာရင္ ဆရာ၀န္ သြားျပ
Edema (fluid retention). Symptoms can include: ေဖာ ၿခင္း swelling in the arms, hands, lower legs, feet, or ankles ေၿခ လက္ လက္ ေခ်ာင္း Allergic reaction. Symptoms can include: မတည့္ၿခင္း trouble breathing သက္ရွုၾကတ္ trouble swallowing မ်ိ ုရခက္ rash or hives swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue ေဖာ္ၿခင္း မ်က္နွာ မ်က္စိ နုတ္ ခမ္းလွ ်ာ Low blood pressure or low heart rate. Symptoms can include: ေသြးေပါင္က်ၿခငး္ lightheadedness ေခါငး္ မူး fainting Liver damage. Symptoms can include: အသညး္ ထိ yellowing of the skin skin ၀ါ yellowing of the whites of the eyes မ်က္လံဳး၀ါ Chest pain (angina) that is worse or occurs more often ရင္ဘတ္ နာ
Nifedipine may interact with other medications ေဆးကို မ်ားေစတဲ့ ပိုးသတ္ေဆး Antibiotics
Taking certain antibiotics with nifedipine can cause higher levels of nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects from nifedipine. These drugs include:
Taking the antibiotic rifampin can decrease the levels of nifedipine in your body. rifampin သည္ nifedipine level ကို နညး္ေစ This could make nifedipine less effective. You shouldn’t take rifampin and nifedipine together. အတူတကြေသာက္ရင္ က်ိ ုးသက္ေရာက္မွ ုက်ဆငး္ Antifungal drugs
Taking certain antifungal drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects from nifedipine. These drugs include: မိွ ုသတ္ေဆးေတြနဲ့ တြဲ ေသာက္၇င္ ေဆးဆိုးက်ိ ုး ပိုမ်ား
fluconazole itraconazole ketoconazole
Antiviral drugs
Taking certain antiviral drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects from nifedipine. These drugs include: virus သတ္ ေဆးနဲ့ တြဲ ေသာက္ရင္ ေဆး ဆိုး က် ိုး ပို မ်ား
Taking certain antiseizure drugs with nifedipine can cause lower levels of nifedipine in your body. This can make it less effective. These drugs include: အတက္က် ေဆးမ်ားနဲ့ တြဲ ေသာက္ရင ္အာနိသင္က်ဆင္း
phenytoin carbamazepine
Taking other antiseizure drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of nifedipine in your body. This raises your risk of side effects from nifedipine. These drugs include: တစ္ၿခား အတက္က် ေဆး valproic acid နဲ့ တြက္ ေသာက္ ေဆးဆိုးက်ိ ုး ပို ျဖစ္
valproic acid
Heart drugs
Digoxin is used to treat heart rhythm problems. Using digoxin with nifedipine can increase or decrease the amount of digoxin in your body. If you take these drugs together, your doctor should monitor the level of digoxin in your body. နွလံုးဆီ ခ်က္ မွန္ ေဆးနဲ့ တြဲ ေသာက္ရင္ digoxin ေဆး မ်ားတာ နည္းတာေတြျဖစ္နိုင္တယ္ monitor လုပ္သင့္ Other drugs
Beta-blockers are used to treat many conditions. These include high blood pressure, migraines, or heart failure. Using these drugs with nifedipine has a low risk of causing heart failure, extremely low blood pressure, or a worsening of chest pain (angina). Beta-blockers မ်ားနဲ့ တြဲ ေပး၇င္ ေသြးေပါင္က် တတ္ ရင္ဘတ္ ပိုနာတတ္ တြဲ ေပးရ တြဲ ေပးထား၇င္ ျဖတ္ မယ္ဆိိုင္တံုးဒိ မျဖတ္ရ
If you’re taking a beta-blocker and your doctor has you stop taking it before starting nifedipine, the beta-blocker should be tapered slowly. Stopping it suddenly could cause increased chest pains. Beta-blockers include: Beta-blockers ကို ျဖတ္ တဲ့ အခါ ရုတ္ တရက္ ျဖတ္ လို့ မရ တျဖည္းျဖည္း နညး္နည္း ေလွ ်ာ့ ျပီးျဖတ္ရ ရုတ္တရက္ျဖတ္ ပါက ရင္ဘတ္ တအား နာတတ္သည္ atenolol metoprolol nadolol propranolol timolol
Doxazosin is used to treat high blood pressure, as well as benign prostate hyperplasia in men. Using doxazosin with nifedipine can lower the amount of doxazosin in your body. This makes it less effective. Using these drugs together can also cause increased levels of nifedipine in your body. This raises your risk of dangerous side effects. Doxazosin ေသြးတိုးက် ဆီးၾကိတ္မွာ ေပးတဲ့ ေဆး တြဲ ေပး၇င္ doxazosin နညး္ေစတယ္ အာနိသင္က်ဆငး္ nifedipine level ပိုမ်ား
Dosage for hypertension (high blood pressure) ေသြးတိုးအတြက္ ေဆး ေပးနည္း
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 90–120 mg per day is reached.
Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years.
Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.
The starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 180 mg per day is reached.
Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years.
Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body. Dosage for chronic stable angina
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 90–120 mg per day is reached.
Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years.
Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body. Special considerations ေက်ာက္ကပ္ မေကာင္း ေဆးေလွ ်ာ ့ ျပီး တစ္ၿခားေဆးကို ေျပာငး္
If you have liver disease, your body may have trouble clearing nifedipine from your blood. This may cause the amount of nifedipine in your blood to be too high. Your doctor may adjust your dose to keep the amount of nifedipine in your body at a safe level. အသည္း မေကာငး္ရင္ ေဆးဆိုးက်ိ ုး ပိုမ်ား
Important warnings
Congestive heart failure warning: In rare cases, upon starting to take nifedipine, some patients without a history of heart failure have developed heart failure. တခ်ိ ု့ လူေတြမွာ နွလံုးေ ရာဂါ အရင္ က မရိွတဲ့ လူေတြ နွ လံုး ေရာဂါ ျဖစ္လာတတ္သည္ ရွားတယ္ Chest pain (angina) warning: If you’re taking this drug to treat angina, it can cause a temporary increase in chest pain. Low blood pressure warning: This drug can cause very low blood pressure. This most often occurs when the drug is started, or when the dosage is increased. ေသြးေပါင္က်တတ္တယ္ ေဆးကို စေပးတာ တိုးလိုက္တာတို့ လုပ္ရင္
Allergy warning ဓါတ္ မတည့္ Nifedipine can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue မ်က္နွာ မ်က္စိ နုတ္ ခမ္း လ ွ် ာ ေဖာ္ trouble breathing အသက္ရွ ု ခက္ trouble swallowing မ်ိ ုရခက္
Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice if you’re taking nifedipine. Doing so can increase the level of the drug in your body and increase your risk of side effects. Your doctor will likely tell you to avoid grapefruit at least 3 days before starting to take nifedipine. စပ်စ္သီးေရွာင္ nifedipine level ပို မ်ားေစ Alcohol interaction
Don’t have drinks that contain alcohol while taking this drug. Drinking alcohol while taking nifedipine can cause very low blood pressure. Warnings for people with certain health conditions အရက္ မေသာက္ရ ေသြးေပါင္က်တတ္
For people with heart failure: You may develop edema (swelling of your legs or feet) that is caused by the drug and not your condition. Talk to your doctor to find out the true cause of any increased swelling you may have. Your doctor can help you decide how to manage it. နွလံုးသမားေတြ ေၿခ လက္ ေဖာလာမယ္ ေဆး ေၾကာင့္
For people with liver disease: Your liver clears this drug from your blood. If your liver isn’t working right, the level of nifedipine in your blood may become too high. အသည္း မေကာင္းရင္ ေဆးဆိုးက်ိုးမ်ား
For people with low blood pressure: If you have episodes of low blood pressure, taking nifedipine may make these episodes worse. This may be more likely to occur when you first start taking nifedipine, or when your doctor increases your dose. Talk to your doctor if you have frequent episodes of low blood pressure. ေသြး ေပါင္က်တတ္တဲ့ လူေတြ အဲ့ ေဆး စေပးတဲ့ အခါ သို့ မဟုတ္ တိုးလိုက္တဲ့ အခါမွာ ေသြ း ေပါင္းက်တာ ျဖစ္တတ္
For people with a history of gastrointestinal blockage: There have been rare reports of gastrointestinal blockage with use of the brand-name drug Procardia XL. You may be at greater risk for this blockage if you have a history of it.
For people with severe heart disease: There have been rare reports of worsening chest pain and heart attack in people who have severe heart disease. Nifedipine capsules (Procardia) should not be taken within the first week or two after a heart attack. Ask your doctor about this risk to see if nifedipine is right for you. နွလံုးသမားေတြ ရင္ဘတ္နာ ပိုဆိုးလာတတ္ Warnings for other groups
For pregnant women: Nifedipine is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two things: ကိုယ္၀န္ ေဆာင္ သမား မသံုးရ Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug. There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus.
Talk to your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant. This drug should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Call your doctor if you become pregnant while taking this drug.
For women who are breastfeeding: Nifedipine may pass into breast milk and can cause serious side effects in a child who is breastfed. Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. You should decide whether you will stop breastfeeding or stop taking nifedipine. နို့ မွာ ပါရင္ ကေလး ထိတတ္
Nifedipine oral tablet is available as both a generic drug and brand-name ride. Brand names: Adalat CC, Afeditab CR, and Procardia XL.
Nifedipine
tablets are an extended-release form of the drug. Nifedipine is also
available in immediate-release oral capsules. The capsules are available
as the brand-name drug Procardia. They are also available in a generic drug.
Nifedipine
is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). It’s also used to
treat two types of angina (chest pain): vasospastic angina and chronic
stable angina.
Nifedipine oral tablet is a prescription drug that’s available as the brand-name drugs Adalat CC, Afeditab CR, and Procardia XL.
These are all extended-release tablets. An extended-release drug is
slowly released into your bloodstream over time. Nifedipine
immediate-release capsules are available as the brand-name drug Procardia. The capsules are used to treat angina (chest pain). The tablets are used to treat either high blood pressure or angina.
Both
the nifedipine immediate-release capsules and extended-release tablets
are also available as generic drugs. Generic drugs usually cost less. In
some cases, they may not be available in every strength or form as the
brand-name version.
Why it's used
Nifedipine is used to
lower blood pressure in people with hypertension. It’s also used to
treat vasospastic angina (chest pain due to a spasm in arteries around
the heart) or chronic stable angina (chest pain that occurs with
activity or stress). The drug form used depends on the condition it is
treating. Talk to your doctor about which form is right for you.
Nifedipine
may be used as part of a combination therapy. This means you may need
to take it with other medications. If you are using it to treat high
blood pressure, you may take it with other drugs that lower blood
pressure. If you are using it to treat angina, you may take it with
nitrates (nitroglycerin products) or beta-blockers.
How it works
Nifedipine
belongs to a class of drugs called calcium channel blockers. A class of
drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs
are often used to treat similar conditions.
Calcium channel
blockers help lower blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels
throughout your body. As a result, less pressure is built up and your
heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood.
Calcium channel
blockers help to prevent angina in two ways. First, they lower pressure
in the coronary arteries (the arteries that supply blood to your
heart). As a result, your heart receives more blood and oxygen. Second,
they help prevent spasm of the coronary arteries. (A spasm is a
temporary, sudden narrowing of these arteries.)
Nifedipine oral tablet doesn’t cause drowsiness. However, it may cause other side effects.
More common side effects
The more common side effects that can occur with nifedipine include:
headache
nausea
dizziness or lightheadedness
flushing (reddening of the skin)
heartburn
muscle cramps
constipation
cough
decreased sexual ability or desire
edema (swelling in the legs or feet)
weakness
If
these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple
of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Serious side effects
Call your doctor right
away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel
life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency.
Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:
Edema (fluid retention). Symptoms can include:
swelling in the arms, hands, lower legs, feet, or ankles
Allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
trouble breathing
trouble swallowing
rash or hives
swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue
Low blood pressure or low heart rate. Symptoms can include:
lightheadedness
fainting
Liver damage. Symptoms can include:
yellowing of the skin
yellowing of the whites of the eyes
Chest pain (angina) that is worse or occurs more often
Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side
effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always
discuss possible side effects with a healthcare provider who knows your
medical history.
Nifedipine oral
tablet can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you may
be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug
works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.
To
help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your
medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all
medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug
might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with nifedipine oral tablet are listed below.
Antibiotics
Taking
certain antibiotics with nifedipine can cause higher levels of
nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects
from nifedipine. These drugs include:
clarithromycin
erythromycin
quinupristin/dalfopristin
Taking
the antibiotic rifampin can decrease the levels of nifedipine in your
body. This could make nifedipine less effective. You shouldn’t take
rifampin and nifedipine together.
Antifungal drugs
Taking
certain antifungal drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of
nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects
from nifedipine. These drugs include:
fluconazole
itraconazole
ketoconazole
Antiviral drugs
Taking
certain antiviral drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of
nifedipine in your body. This can increase your risk of side effects
from nifedipine. These drugs include:
atazanavir
delavirdine
fosamprenavir
indinavir
nelfinavir
ritonavir
Antiseizure drugs
Taking
certain antiseizure drugs with nifedipine can cause lower levels of
nifedipine in your body. This can make it less effective. These drugs
include:
phenytoin
carbamazepine
Taking
other antiseizure drugs with nifedipine can cause higher levels of
nifedipine in your body. This raises your risk of side effects from
nifedipine. These drugs include:
valproic acid
Heart drugs
Digoxin
is used to treat heart rhythm problems. Using digoxin with nifedipine
can increase or decrease the amount of digoxin in your body. If you take
these drugs together, your doctor should monitor the level of digoxin
in your body.
Other drugs
Beta-blockers
are used to treat many conditions. These include high blood pressure,
migraines, or heart failure. Using these drugs with nifedipine has a low
risk of causing heart failure, extremely low blood pressure, or a
worsening of chest pain (angina).
If you’re taking a beta-blocker
and your doctor has you stop taking it before starting nifedipine, the
beta-blocker should be tapered slowly. Stopping it suddenly could cause
increased chest pains. Beta-blockers include:
atenolol
metoprolol
nadolol
propranolol
timolol
Doxazosin
is used to treat high blood pressure, as well as benign prostate
hyperplasia in men. Using doxazosin with nifedipine can lower the amount
of doxazosin in your body. This makes it less effective. Using these
drugs together can also cause increased levels of nifedipine in your
body. This raises your risk of dangerous side effects. Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person,
we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible
interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.
Always speak with your healthcare provider about possible interactions
with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and
over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.
This dosage information is for
nifedipine oral tablet. All possible dosages and drug forms may not be
included here. Your doctor will tell you what dosage is right for you.
Your dose, drug form, and how often you take the drug will depend on:
your age
the condition being treated
how severe your condition is
other medical conditions you have
how you react to the first dose
Forms and strengths
Generic: nifedipine
Form: Oral capsule
Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg
Form: Oral extended-release tablet
Strengths: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg
Brand: Adalat CC
Form: Oral extended-release tablet
Strengths: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg
Brand: Afeditab CR
Form: Oral extended-release tablet
Strengths: 30 mg, 60 mg
Brand: Procardia XL
Form: Oral extended-release tablet
Strengths: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg
Brand: Procardia
Form: Oral capsule
Strengths: 10 mg
Dosage for hypertension (high blood pressure)
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can
be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 90–120 mg
per day is reached. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The
kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can
cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a
drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different
medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from
building up too much in your body.
Dosage for vasospastic angina
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can
be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 180 mg per
day is reached. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The
kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can
cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a
drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different
medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from
building up too much in your body.
Dosage for chronic stable angina
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
starting dose is 30 mg or 60 mg by mouth once per day. The dosage can
be increased every 7 to 14 days until the maximum dosage of 90–120 mg
per day is reached. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The
kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can
cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a
drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different
medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from
building up too much in your body.
Special considerations
If
you have liver disease, your body may have trouble clearing nifedipine
from your blood. This may cause the amount of nifedipine in your blood
to be too high. Your doctor may adjust your dose to keep the amount of
nifedipine in your body at a safe level. Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This
information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with
your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.
Nifedipine oral tablet is used for long-term treatment. It comes with serious risks if you don't take it as prescribed. If you stop taking the drug suddenly or don’t take it at all: If
you take this drug to treat high blood pressure, your blood pressure
may increase. This can raise your risk of health problems such as heart
attack or stroke. If you take this drug to treat angina, your chest pain
may get worse. If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: Your
medication may not work as well or may stop working completely. For
this drug to work well, a certain amount needs to be in your body at all
times. If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of the drug in your body. Symptoms of an overdose of this drug can include:
dizziness
a fast heartbeat
flushing (reddening of the skin)
If
you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, call your doctor or local
poison control center. If your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to
the nearest emergency room right away. What to do if you miss a dose: Take
your dose as soon as you remember. If you remember just a few hours
before your next scheduled dose, take only one dose. Never try to catch
up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side
effects. How to tell if the drug is working: If
you’re taking this drug to treat high blood pressure, your blood
pressure level should go down. Your doctor can check your blood
pressure, or you can do it using a home blood pressure monitor. If
you’re taking this drug to treat angina, you should have less severe
chest pain, less frequent chest pain, or both.
Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes nifedipine oral tablet for you.
General
Adalat CC should be taken on an empty stomach. Other versions of the drug can be taken either with food or on an empty stomach.
Swallow the tablets whole. Don’t chew, crush, or divide them.
Not every pharmacy stocks this drug. When filling your prescription, be sure to call ahead.
Storage
Store drug capsules at room temperature between 59°F (15°C) and 77°F (25°C).
Store the extended-release tablets below 86°F (30°C).
Don’t freeze this drug.
Keep it away from light.
Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.
Refills
A
prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a
new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will
write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.
Travel
When traveling with your medication:
Always carry your medication with you or in your carry-on bag.
Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
You
may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication.
Always carry the original prescription-labeled box with you.
Don’t
put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the
car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very
cold.
This medication needs to be refrigerated. You may need to use an insulated bag with a cold pack to keep it cold.
Self-management
Your
doctor may suggest that you monitor your blood pressure at home. You
will need to buy a home blood pressure monitor to do this. Your doctor
can tell you where to buy this device and how to use it.
Clinical monitoring
Your doctor will check your blood pressure and perform blood tests from time to time.
Your diet
Your
doctor may advise you to follow a heart-healthy diet. Talk to your
doctor about which foods are good for your heart and blood pressure, and
which ones you should avoid.
Hidden costs
You may need to buy a blood pressure monitor to check your blood pressure at home. Your doctor can tell you more.
There are other drugs available
to treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others.
Talk to your doctor about other drug options that may work for you.
Congestive heart failure warning: In rare cases, upon starting to take nifedipine, some patients without a history of heart failure have developed heart failure.
Chest pain (angina) warning: If you’re taking this drug to treat angina, it can cause a temporary increase in chest pain.
Low blood pressure warning: This drug can cause very low blood pressure. This most often occurs when the drug is started, or when the dosage is increased.
Nifedipine oral tablet comes with several warnings.
Allergy warning
Nifedipine can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue
trouble breathing
trouble swallowing
If you have these symptoms, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. Don’t take this drug again if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it before. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death).
Food interactions
Do
not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice if you’re taking
nifedipine. Doing so can increase the level of the drug in your body and
increase your risk of side effects. Your doctor will likely tell you to
avoid grapefruit at least 3 days before starting to take nifedipine.
Alcohol interaction
Don’t
have drinks that contain alcohol while taking this drug. Drinking
alcohol while taking nifedipine can cause very low blood pressure.
Warnings for people with certain health conditions
For people with heart failure: You
may develop edema (swelling of your legs or feet) that is caused by the
drug and not your condition. Talk to your doctor to find out the true
cause of any increased swelling you may have. Your doctor can help you
decide how to manage it. For people with liver disease: Your
liver clears this drug from your blood. If your liver isn’t working
right, the level of nifedipine in your blood may become too high. For people with low blood pressure: If
you have episodes of low blood pressure, taking nifedipine may make
these episodes worse. This may be more likely to occur when you first
start taking nifedipine, or when your doctor increases your dose. Talk
to your doctor if you have frequent episodes of low blood pressure. For people with a history of gastrointestinal blockage: There
have been rare reports of gastrointestinal blockage with use of the
brand-name drug Procardia XL. You may be at greater risk for this
blockage if you have a history of it. For people with severe heart disease: There
have been rare reports of worsening chest pain and heart attack in
people who have severe heart disease. Nifedipine capsules (Procardia)
should not be taken within the first week or two after a heart attack.
Ask your doctor about this risk to see if nifedipine is right for you.
Warnings for other groups
For pregnant women: Nifedipine is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two things:
Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug.
There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus.
Talk
to your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant. This
drug should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the
potential risk to the fetus. Call your doctor if you become pregnant
while taking this drug. For women who are breastfeeding: Nifedipine
may pass into breast milk and can cause serious side effects in a child
who is breastfed. Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. You should
decide whether you will stop breastfeeding or stop taking nifedipine. For children: This medication has not been studied in children. It should not be used in people younger than 18 years. Disclaimer:
Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information
is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this
article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and
expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always
consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any
medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change
and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions,
warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects.
The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not
indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or
appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.
treat high blood pressure. treat edema, which is swelling caused by fluid buildup in your body. can cause low blood pressure ေဖာတာေတြ က် ေသြးတိုးက် can cause low potassium levels. k plus က် can cause low levels of thyroid hormones က် High doses (over 80 mg) your body get rid of excess salt and water. Excessive loss of water and electrolytes muscle pains or cramps Low levels of thyroid hormones weight gain Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) pain when you eat or drink Liver damage Hearing loss or ringing in your ears (can be temporary or permanent) Blistering or peeling skin Water pills (diuretics) Taking other diuretics with furosemide can increase your risk of hearing damage or loss. These drugs include: ethacrynic acid ဒီေဆးေပး၇င္ စစ္ေဆးမွ ုေတြ လုပ္ေန၇မွာက Blood pressure: Your doctor will check your blood pressure to make sure this drug is keeping your blood pressure under control. ေသြး ေပါင္ က်တတ္လို့ ေသြ း ေပါင္းတိုင္းေနရမယ္ Electrolyte levels: This drug can cause changes in your electrolyte levels. This includes potassium levels. Your doctor will check your levels to make sure your electrolytes are in a healthy range. (Electrolytes are minerals that manage the fluid levels and other functions in your body.) ုုKplus level check ရမယ္ k plus level က်တတ္သည္ kidney problems worse, or even cause new ones. If this drug causes problems for your kidneys, your doctor may need to reduce your dose, or you may need to stop using it. ေက်ာက္ကပ္ မေကာင္းရင္ နားရမယ္ Liver: This drug can increase the level of liver enzymes in your body. A raised enzyme level can mean you have liver damage. Your doctor may monitor your enzyme level. liver enzymes မ်ားတတ္ အသည္း ပ်က္ဆးီတတ္ Thyroid levels: This drug can cause low thyroid hormone levels. Your doctor may do blood tests to monitor your thyroid levels. low thyroid hormone levels. နည္းေစတယ္
This
drug has a black box warning. This is the most serious warning from the
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A black box warning alerts doctors
and patients to drug effects that may be dangerous.
Furosemide
is a strong diuretic (water pill) that helps your body get rid of excess
water. It does this by increasing the amount of urine your body makes.
If you take too much of this drug, it can lead to very low amounts of
water and electrolytes in your body. This can cause dehydration. Your
doctor will monitor your fluid levels and may change your dosage based
on those levels.
Low blood pressure warning: This
drug can cause low blood pressure. Symptoms include feeling dizzy and
faint after standing up. If this occurs, move slowly when changing
positions after sitting or lying down. If this problem continues, call
your doctor.
Low potassium levels warning: This
drug can cause low potassium levels. (Potassium is a mineral that helps
your nerves, muscles, and organs work normally.) Symptoms include
tiredness, muscle weakness, and nausea or vomiting. Call your doctor if
you have these symptoms.
Low thyroid levels warning:
High doses (over 80 mg) of furosemide can cause low levels of thyroid
hormones. If you’re taking high doses of this drug and have symptoms of
thyroid problems, call your doctor. These symptoms can include:
Furosemide oral tablet is a prescription drug that’s available as the brand-name drug Lasix.
It’s also available as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less.
In some cases, they may not be available in every strength or form as
the brand-name version.
Why it's used
Furosemide is used
to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also used to treat
edema. This is swelling due to fluid buildup in the body. Edema can be
caused by other medical conditions such as heart failure, cirrhosis of
the liver, or kidney disease.
Furosemide may be used as part of a
combination therapy to treat high blood pressure. This means you may
need to take it with other medications.
How it works
Furosemide
belongs to a class of drugs called diuretics. A class of drugs is a
group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs are often
used to treat similar conditions.
Furosemide works by helping your
body get rid of excess salt and water. It does this by increasing the
amount of urine your body makes. This helps lower your blood pressure as
well as reduce swelling.
Furosemide oral tablet may cause certain side effects.
More common side effects
The more common side effects that can occur with furosemide include:
nausea or vomiting
diarrhea
constipation
stomach cramping
feeling like you or the room is spinning (vertigo)
dizziness
headache
blurred vision
itching or rash
If
these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple
of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Serious side effects
Call your doctor right
away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel
life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency.
Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:
Excessive loss of water and electrolytes. Symptoms can include:
dry mouth
feeling of thirst
weakness
drowsiness
restlessness
muscle pains or cramps
urinating less
fast or abnormal heartbeat
severe nausea or vomiting
Low levels of thyroid hormones. Symptoms can include:
tiredness
weakness
weight gain
dry hair and skin
increased feelings of being cold
Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Symptoms can include:
pain when you eat or drink
severe nausea or vomiting
fever
Jaundice, also known as icterus
Liver damage. Symptoms can include:
yellowing of your skin
yellowing of the whites of your eyes
Hearing loss or ringing in your ears (can be temporary or permanent)
Blistering or peeling skin
Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side
effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always
discuss possible side effects with a healthcare provider who knows your
medical history.
Furosemide
oral tablet can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you
may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a
drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.
To
help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your
medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all
medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug
might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with furosemide are listed below.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics can increase your risk of hearing damage or loss when taken with furosemide. These drugs include:
amikacin
gentamicin
neomycin
paromomycin
tobramycin
Antiseizure drug
Taking this drug with furosemide can decrease the effects of furosemide:
phenytoin
Cancer drug
Taking this cancer drug with furosemide can increase your risk of kidney problems and hearing damage or loss:
cisplatin
Taking
this cancer drug with furosemide can decrease the effects of
furosemide. Also, furosemide may increase the amount of this drug in
your body, which can increase side effects:
methotrexate
Immunosuppressant
Taking this drug with furosemide can increase your risk of gouty arthritis:
cyclosporine
Mood stabilizers (lithium)
Taking lithium with furosemide can increase the levels of lithium in your body. This raises your risk of side effects from lithium.
Muscle relaxers
Taking
certain muscle relaxers with furosemide can increase the effects of
these drugs. This raises your risk of side effects. These drugs include:
succinylcholine
Taking
other muscle relaxers with furosemide can decrease the effects of these
drugs. This makes them less effective. These drugs include:
tubocurarine
Other blood pressure drugs
Taking
furosemide with other blood pressure drugs can cause your blood
pressure to drop to a dangerously low level. These drugs include:
benazepril
captopril
enalapril
fosinopril
lisinopril
moexipril
perindopril
quinapril
ramipril
trandolapril
Pain and inflammation drugs (NSAIDs)
Taking
NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) with furosemide can
increase the levels of these drugs in your body. This raises your risk
of dangerous side effects. NSAIDs include:
aspirin
diflunisal
indomethacin
magnesium salicylate
salsalate
Thyroid drugs
Taking
high doses of levothyroxine with furosemide can make levothyroxine less
effective. This means it won’t work as well to treat your thyroid
condition.
Ulcer drugs
Taking sucralfate with furosemide can make furosemide less effective. This means it won’t work as well to control your symptoms.
Don’t take sucralfate within 2 hours of taking furosemide.
Water pills (diuretics)
Taking other diuretics with furosemide can increase your risk of hearing damage or loss. These drugs include:
ethacrynic acid
Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person,
we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible
interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.
Always speak with your healthcare provider about possible interactions
with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and
over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.
Furosemide oral tablet comes with several warnings.
Allergy warning
If
you have an allergy to sulfonamides (sulfa drugs), you may also be
allergic to furosemide. Taking this drug can cause a severe allergic
reaction, causing symptoms such as:
trouble breathing or swallowing
swelling of your throat or tongue
hives
If you have these symptoms, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away. Don’t take this drug again if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it or sulfonamides before. Taking it a second time after any allergic reaction to it could be fatal (cause death).
Alcohol interaction
Having
drinks that contain alcohol while taking furosemide can make the drug’s
side effects worse. For instance, it can worsen a sudden drop in blood
pressure when you stand up after sitting or lying down. It can also make
you feel dizzier or more lightheaded.
Warnings for people with certain health conditions
For people with kidney problems: Furosemide
is removed from your body by your kidneys. If you have kidney problems,
more of the drug may stay in your body longer. This could lead to
dangerous side effects, including very low blood pressure. Your doctor
may start you on a lower dose of this drug. Your doctor may also monitor
how well your kidneys are working to make sure furosemide is safe for
you to take. For people with liver problems: If
you have liver problems such as cirrhosis or ascites, it’s best to
receive furosemide in the hospital. Furosemide can cause very low
electrolyte levels, which can cause serious liver damage and loss of
brain function. (Electrolytes are minerals that help control the fluid
balance in your body and help with other important functions.) Your
doctor will monitor you closely. For people with diabetes: Furosemide
can make it harder to control your blood sugar (glucose) levels. Before
taking this drug, be sure your doctor knows you have diabetes. For people with bladder disorders: If
you have severe problems with emptying your bladder completely,
furosemide can make your condition worse. Before taking this drug, be
sure your doctor knows you have a bladder disorder. For people with thyroid problems: High
doses (over 80 mg) of furosemide can cause low levels of thyroid
hormones. Be sure to tell your doctor about your thyroid problems before
you start taking furosemide.
Warnings for other groups
For pregnant women: Furosemide is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two things:
Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug.
There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus.
Talk
to your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant. This
drug should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the
potential risk to the fetus. For women who are breastfeeding: Furosemide
may pass into breast milk and can cause serious side effects in a child
who is breastfed. It may also cause your body to produce less milk.
Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. You will need to decide
either to stop breastfeeding, or stop taking this drug. For children: In
premature infants and children younger than 4 years of age, furosemide
may cause kidney problems. It can lead to kidney stones and calcium
deposits in the kidneys. If furosemide is given to premature infants
during the first few weeks of life, it may increase the risk of problems
with the lungs and heart.
This
dosage information is for furosemide oral tablet. All possible dosages
and drug forms may not be included here. Your dose, drug form, and how
often you take the drug will depend on:
your age
the condition being treated
how severe your condition is
other medical conditions you have
how you react to the first dose
Forms and strengths
Generic: furosemide
Form: Oral tablet
Strengths: 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg
Form: Oral solution
Strengths: 10 mg per 1 mL, 40 mg per 5 mL
Brand: Lasix
Form: Oral tablet
Strengths: 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg
Dosage for hypertension (high blood pressure)
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The usual starting dose is 80 mg per day, taken as 40 mg twice each day.
Your doctor may change your dose or add other blood pressure medications. This depends on how your body responds to the drug.
Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This drug has not been studied in children for treating high blood pressure. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The
kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can
cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a
drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different
medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from
building up too much in your body. Special considerations
Furosemide
is removed from your body by your kidneys. If you have kidney problems,
more of the drug may stay in your body longer. This can cause dangerous
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lower dose and monitor how
well your kidneys are working to make sure this drug is safe for you.
Dosage for edema
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
usual starting dose is 20–80 mg, taken once per day. Your doctor may
change your dose depending on how your body responds to the drug.
Once your doctor determines your long-term (maintenance) dose, you may take it once or twice per day.
Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
The usual dose is 2 mg per kg of body weight taken once per day.
It is not recommended to use doses greater than 6 mg per kg of body weight.
Your doctor may change your child’s dosage depending on how your child’s body responds to the drug.
Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
The
kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can
cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a
drug stays in your body for a longer time. This increases your risk of
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different
medication schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from
building up too much in your body. Special considerations
Furosemide
is removed from your body by your kidneys. If you have kidney problems,
more of the drug may stay in your body longer. This can cause dangerous
side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lower dose and monitor how
well your kidneys are working to make sure this drug is safe for you. Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This
information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with
your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.
Furosemide
oral tablet is used for short-term or long-term treatment. It comes
with serious risks if you don't take it as prescribed. If you stop taking the drug suddenly or don’t take it at all: If
you are treating high blood pressure, your blood pressure may rise.
This raises your risk of serious problems such as stroke or heart
attack.
If you are treating edema, your swelling could get worse.
This increases your risk of serious problems such as pain, infections,
leg ulcers (long-lasting sores), and blood clots. If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: Your
medication may not work as well or may stop working completely. For
this drug to work well, a certain amount needs to be in your body at all
times. If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of the drug in your body. Symptoms of an overdose of this drug can include:
extreme tiredness
dizziness
thirst
low blood pressure
If
you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, call your doctor or local
poison control center. If your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to
the nearest emergency room right away. What to do if you miss a dose: Take
your dose as soon as you remember. But if you remember just a few hours
before your next scheduled dose, take only one dose. Never try to catch
up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side
effects. How to tell if the drug is working: If
you’re treating high blood pressure, your blood pressure should be
lowered. But you will likely not feel any different. Your doctor will
monitor your blood pressure. You can also check it at home using a home
blood pressure monitor. If you’re treating edema, your swelling should
go down.
Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes furosemide oral tablet for you.
General
Furosemide causes you to urinate more, so you should avoid taking it at bedtime.
You can cut or crush the furosemide tablet.
Storage
Keep furosemide at room temperature from 59°F (15°C) and 86°F (30°C).
Keep this drug away from light.
Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.
Refills
A prescription for this medication is refillable.You
should not need a new prescription for this medication to be refilled.
Your doctor will write the number of refills authorized on your
prescription.
Travel
When traveling with your medication:
Always carry your medication with you or in your carry-on bag.
Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
You
may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication.
Always carry the original prescription-labeled box with you.
Don’t
put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the
car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very
cold.
Self-management
If you’re treating high blood
pressure, your doctor may suggest that you monitor your blood pressure.
You can do this using a home blood pressure monitor. Your doctor can
tell you where to buy this device and how to use it.
Clinical monitoring
Your doctor will monitor the following:
Blood pressure: Your doctor will check your blood pressure to make sure this drug is keeping your blood pressure under control.
Electrolyte levels:
This drug can cause changes in your electrolyte levels. This includes
potassium levels. Your doctor will check your levels to make sure your
electrolytes are in a healthy range. (Electrolytes are minerals that
manage the fluid levels and other functions in your body.)
Kidneys:
This drug can make kidney problems worse, or even cause new ones. If
this drug causes problems for your kidneys, your doctor may need to
reduce your dose, or you may need to stop using it.
Liver:
This drug can increase the level of liver enzymes in your body. A
raised enzyme level can mean you have liver damage. Your doctor may
monitor your enzyme level.
Thyroid levels: This drug can cause low thyroid hormone levels. Your doctor may do blood tests to monitor your thyroid levels.
Your diet
Furosemide
can cause low blood pressure. A low-salt diet puts you at even higher
risk of low blood pressure. If you are on a low-salt diet, talk to your
doctor about whether this drug is right for you.
Your doctor may suggest that you eat foods high in potassium. These include bananas, dark leafy greens, and avocados.
Sun sensitivity
Your skin may be more sensitive to sunlight while taking furosemide.
Avoid staying outside directly under the sun for long periods of time.
Wear protective clothing that covers most areas of your body.
Use protective sunscreen products.
Hidden costs
You may need to buy a home blood pressure monitor to check your blood pressure at home. Your doctor can tell you more.
There
are other drugs available to treat your condition. Some may be better
suited for you than others. Talk to your doctor about other drug options
that may work for you. Disclaimer:
Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information
is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this
article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and
expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always
consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any
medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change
and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions,
warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects.
The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not
indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or
appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.
Spironolactone oral tablet is available as a brand-name drug and a generic drug. Brand name: Aldactone.
Spironolactone comes as an oral tablet and an oral suspension.
Spironolactone
is used to reduce swelling from liver disease and nephrotic syndrome.
It’s also used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and
excessive aldosterone secretion.
Potassium intake: This drug can causehyperkalemia
(high potassium levels). While taking this drug, you should watch your
potassium intake. You shouldn’t take potassium supplements, eat a diet
rich in potassium, or consume salt substitutes containing potassium.
Having too much potassium in your body can lead to severe problems. This
can even be fatal. Talk to your doctor or a nutritionist if you’re
concerned about your potassium intake.
Enlarged breasts:
This drug may cause you to have enlarged breasts (gynecomastia). This
can happen in both men and women. If this happens, your doctor may stop
your treatment with this drug. This symptom usually goes away once you
stop taking this drug.
Low blood pressure and worsening kidney function:
This drug may result in low blood pressure and worsening kidney
function. Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure and kidney
function while you take this drug.
Spironolactone is a prescription drug. It comes as an oral tablet and an oral suspension.
Spironolactone oral tablet is available as the brand-name drug Aldactone
and as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than the
brand-name version. In some cases, they may not be available in all
strengths or forms as the brand-name drug.
This drug may be taken as part of a combination therapy with other medications.
This drug belongs to a class of drugs called aldosterone antagonists (blockers), or potassium-sparing diuretics.
A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way.
These drugs are often used to treat similar conditions.
This drug
works by blocking aldosterone activity. Aldosterone is a chemical made
by the body that can cause water retention. This makes certain heart,
kidney, and liver conditions worse. By blocking aldosterone, your body
won’t retain fluid. This process also stops potassium from being
excreted by your body.
This drug may lower your blood pressure by blocking aldosterone’s effect on your blood vessels.
Spironolactone
oral tablet may cause drowsiness. You shouldn’t drive, use machinery,
or do similar tasks that require alertness until you know how this drug
affects you.
This drug can also cause other side effects.
More common side effects
The more common side effects that can occur with spironolactone include:
diarrhea and abdominal cramping
nausea and vomiting
high potassium levels
leg cramps
headache
dizziness
drowsiness
itching
irregular menstrual cycles or bleeding after menopause
If
these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple
of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Serious side effects
Call your doctor right
away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel
life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency.
Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:
Allergic reactions. Symptoms can include:
skin rash
hives
fever
trouble breathing
swelling of your lips, mouth, tongue, or throat
Electrolyte and/or fluid problems. Symptoms can include:
mouth dryness
extreme thirst
extreme weakness and tiredness
fast heart rate and dizziness
not being able to urinate
Dangerously high potassium levels. Symptoms can include:
muscle weakness
not being able to move your legs and arms
extreme tiredness
tingling or numb feeling in your hands or feet
slow heart rate
Breast enlargement (gynecomastia). Symptoms can include:
growth of breast tissue in males and females
Severe skin reactions. Symptoms can include:
redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of your skin, including inside of your mouth
Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side
effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always
discuss possible side effects with a healthcare provider who knows your
medical history.
Spironolactone
oral tablet can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you
may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a
drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.
To
help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your
medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all
medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug
might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to your doctor
or pharmacist.
Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with spironolactone are listed below.
Drugs and supplements that increase potassium blood levels
Taking
certain medications with spironolactone can increase the amount of
potassium in your body to unsafe levels. Examples of these drugs
include:
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as:
benazepril
captopril
enalapril
fosinopril
imidapril
moexipril
perindopril
quinapril
ramipril
trandolapril
angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), such as:
irbesartan
losartan
olmesartan
telmisartan
valsartan
direct renin inhibitors, such as:
aliskiren
heparin and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
potassium supplements
potassium-sparing diuretics, such as:
triamterene
eplerenone (This drug should not be used with spironolactone.)
Pain drugs
Taking
certain pain drugs with spironolactone can result in kidney damage and
increased blood pressure. Examples of these pain drugs include:
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as:
diclofenac
ibuprofen
indomethacin
ketoprofen
ketorolac
meloxicam
nabumetone
naproxen
piroxicam
Cholesterol drugs
Taking
certain cholesterol drugs with spironolactone can increase the amount
of potassium and acid in your body to unsafe levels. Examples of these
drugs include:
cholestyramine
Lithium
Taking
lithium with spironolactone can increase the effects of lithium. Your
doctor may lower your dosage of lithium if you take these drugs
together.
Digoxin
Taking digoxin with spironolactone may
increase the effects of digoxin. Your doctor may monitor you closely if
you take these drugs together. Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person,
we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible
interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.
Always speak with your healthcare provider about possible interactions
with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and
over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.
This drug can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms include:
trouble breathing
swelling of your throat or tongue
hives
Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you develop these symptoms. Don’t take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death).
Warnings for people with certain health conditions
For people with liver disease:
Taking this drug when you have liver disease may lead to a coma. Tell
your doctor right away if you have the following symptoms, which may be
signs of hepatic coma:
confusion
poor judgment
foggy memory
abnormal body movements and shaking
trouble concentrating
For people with hyperkalemia: You shouldn’t take this drug if you have hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). It can worsen the condition. For people with kidney disease:
You’re at increased risk of side effects from this drug. You’re also at
increased risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). If you take
this drug, you should monitor your potassium levels closely. Your doctor
can check your potassium levels using a blood test. For people with Addison’s disease: You shouldn’t take this drug if you have Addison’s disease. It can make your illness worse. For people with heart disease:
Don’t take potassium supplements, eat a diet high in potassium, or take
drugs that increase potassium levels if you have heart failure and
you’re taking this drug. Dangerously high potassium levels are more
likely if you have heart failure. This can be fatal.
Warnings for other groups
For pregnant women:
Research in pregnant animals has shown negative effects to the fetus
when the mother takes the drug. However, there haven’t been enough
studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect a fetus.
Despite
this lack of research, this drug should be used during pregnancy only
if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk. Tell your doctor
if you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant. If you become pregnant
while taking this drug, call your doctor right away. For women who are breastfeeding:
A metabolite (substance that results from the breakdown of a drug) from
spironolactone passes into breast milk. This may cause side effects in a
child who is breastfed. Talk to your doctor if you breastfeed your
child. You may need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or stop
taking this medication. For seniors: Older adults
may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of
this drug to be higher than normal. If you’re a senior, you may need a
lower dose or a different schedule. For children: This medication shouldn’t be used in children younger than 18 years.
When to call the doctor
Call your doctor if you have trouble breathing or swelling in your legs. This means that your heart disease is getting worse.
All
possible dosages and forms may not be included here. Your doctor will
tell you what dosage is right for you. Your dose, form, and how often
you take it will depend on:
your age
the condition being treated
how severe your condition is
other medical conditions you have
how you react to the first dose
Drug forms and strengths
Generic: Spironolactone
Form: oral tablet
Strengths: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
Brand: Aldactone
Form: oral tablet
Strengths: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
Dosage for high blood pressure (hypertension)
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The typical starting dosage is 25–100 mg taken by mouth each day. It’s given as a single dose or split into two doses. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
There
are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may
process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this
drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may
need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.
Dosage for swelling (edema) from nephrotic syndrome and liver disease
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
typical starting dosage is 100 mg taken by mouth each day. It’s given
as a single dose or split into two doses. Some people may take as little
as 25 mg per day or as much as 200 mg per day. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
There
are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may
process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this
drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may
need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.
Dosage for heart failure
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
typical starting dosage is 25 mg taken by mouth once per day. Your
doctor may increase or decrease your dosage based on how you respond to
the drug. Some people may take 50 mg once per day, and others may take
25 mg once every other day. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
There
are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may
process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this
drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may
need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.
Dosage for excessive aldosterone secretion
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
The
typical dosage is 100 to 400 mg daily in preparation for surgery. If
you cannot have surgery, your doctor may give you the lowest effective
dose of this drug long term. Child dosage (ages 0–17 years)
This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years. Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
There
are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may
process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this
drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may
need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule. Disclaimer:
Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current
information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we
cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This
information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with
your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.
Spironolactone is used for long-term treatment. It comes with serious risks if you don’t take it as prescribed. If you don't take it at all:
If you do not take this drug, your blood pressure will stay high. This
can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Your body may also become
overloaded with fluid. This can cause serious worsening of kidney and
liver disease. If you stop taking it suddenly: If
you stop taking this drug, you may start retaining water. You may also
have a sudden increase in your blood pressure. This can lead to a heart
attack or stroke. If you don't take it on schedule:
If you don’t take this drug on schedule, your blood pressure might not
be controlled. This can lead to a heart attack or stroke. What to do if you miss a dose:
If you forget to take your dose, take it as soon as you remember. If
it’s just a few hours before the time for your next dose, then wait and
only take one dose at that time. Never try to catch up by taking two
doses at once. This could cause dangerous side effects. If you take too much: If you take too much of this drug, you may have the following symptoms:
drowsiness
confusion
skin rash
nausea
vomiting
dizziness
diarrhea
changes in your body’s electrolytes, which can cause irregular heart rate or muscle pain and cramping
If
you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, call your doctor or local
poison control center. If your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to
the nearest emergency room right away. How to tell the drug is working:
You may not be able to tell whether this drug is working or not. It’s
important that you take your medication every day as directed by your
doctor. Your doctor will monitor your condition and be able to tell if
this drug is working. You may need to buy your own blood pressure
monitor to check your blood pressure at home.
Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes spironolactone for you.
General
This drug can be taken with or without food.
Storage
Store spironolactone at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).
Don’t freeze this drug.
Keep it away from light.
Keep it away from high temperature.
Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.
Refills
A
prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a
new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will
write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.
Travel
When traveling with your medication:
Always carry your medication with you. When flying, never put it into a checked bag. Keep it in your carry-on bag.
Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
You
may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication.
Always carry the original prescription-labeled box with you.
Don’t
put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the
car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very
cold.
Self-management
You may need to check your
blood pressure at home using a blood pressure monitor. You should keep a
log with the date, time of day, and your blood pressure readings. Bring
this diary with you to your doctor appointments.
Clinical monitoring
While you’re taking this drug, your doctor will check the following:
heart function
kidney function
liver function
electrolytes
blood pressure
Hidden costs
You
may need to purchase a home blood pressure monitor to check your blood
pressure at home. These are available for purchase at most pharmacies.
Prior authorization
Many
insurance companies require a prior authorization for this drug. This
means your doctor will need to get approval from your insurance company
before your insurance company will pay for the prescription.
There
are other drugs available to treat your condition. Some may be better
suited for you than others. Talk to your doctor about other options that
may work for you. Disclaimer:
Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is
factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this article
should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a
licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor
or other healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug
information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended
to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug
interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of
warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that
the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all
patients or all specific uses.
